essential component
Topic 4 DQ 2
Nutrition is an essential component of health promotion, because without proper nutrition the risk for non-communicable illness increases. Four of the leading causes of death in the United States are linked to poor nutrition. However, this problem is directly linked to over consumption of foods high in fat and calories. This is coupled with an inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables (Falkner, 2018).
Some of the nutritional challenges present in emerging populations are related directly to their genetic predisposition. However, many of the challenges are due to food preferences. For instance, some cultures prohibit certain food items. Additional consideration must be made for ceremonial or religious food, as well as food preparation methods. The problem is exacerbated by the quantity of high fat, high sugar, processed foods that are readily available at low cost. Healthier food choices often cost more. This creates even more of a problem for a lower-income family (Falkner, 2018).
Both nutritional deficits and nutritional excesses have a role in disease processes. For instance, certain disease processes, such as hypertension and type 2 diabetes occur more frequently in obese populations. In fact, dietary modifications greatly reduce the risk of poor outcomes related to obesity (Falkner, 2018). In addition, nutritional deficits can also lead to illness. A recent study concluded that 58% of women with polycystic ovary disease were also vitamin D deficient (Hanif,Qamar,Aslam,Omar, Mustafa,& Masood, 2019). Another case study showed that a B12 deficiency can cause neuropathy and hyperpigmentation of the lower extremities (Turnquist & Holt, 2020). A balanced diet with the proper intake of vitamins and minerals is essential for health in all three stages of health promotion. When implemented in primary health promotion, proper nutrition may significantly reduce the risks of illness or disease.
